ACC 225: Week One Solution

ACC 225

Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)

Financial Accounting

Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)

ACC 225 Week 1 Solution

Exercises: Accounting and Business Organizations

• Resource: Fundamental Accounting Principles, p. 30
• Due Date: Day 5
• Post your answers to Exercises 1-1 and 1-4

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FIN 200: Quiz and Final Exam

FIN 200: Quiz and Final Exam: Complete and Up-to-Date

Introduction to Finance: Harvesting the Money Tree

Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)


Last Update: November 10, 2011

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FIN 200: Week Nine Solution

FIN 200

Fin 200 Week 9 Solution

Assignment: Present Value, Future Value, and Annuity Due

• Resource: Ch. 9 of Foundations of Financial Management
• Due Date: Day 5 [Individual forum]
• Complete Problems 3, 4, and 5 on pp. 278-279.
• Post as an attachment.

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3. You will receive $5,000 three years from now. The discount rate is 8 percent.
a. What is the value of your investment two years from now? Multiply
$5,000 .926 (one year’s discount rate at 8 percent).
b. What is the value of your investment one year from now? Multiply your
answer to part a by .926 (one year’s discount rate at 8 percent).
c. What is the value of your investment today? Multiply your answer to part b
by .926 (one year’s discount rate at 8 percent).
d. Confirm that your answer to part c is correct by going to Appendix B (present
value of $1) for n 3 and i 8 percent. Multiply this tabular value by
$5,000 and compare your answer to part c. There may be a slight difference
due to rounding.
4. If you invest $9,000 today, how much will you have:
a. In 2 years at 9 percent?
b. In 7 years at 12 percent?
c. In 25 years at 14 percent?
d. In 25 years at 14 percent (compounded semiannually)?
5. Your uncle offers you a choice of $30,000 in 50 years or $95 today. If money is
discounted at 12 percent, which should you choose?

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FIN 200: Week Eight Solution

FIN 200

Fin 200 Week 8 Solution

CheckPoint: Time Value of Money

• Resource: Ch. 7 of Foundations of Financial Management
• Due Date: Day 5 [Individual forum]
• Write a 200- to 300-word description of the four time value of money concepts: present value, present value of an annuity, future value, and future value of annuity. Describe the characteristics of each concept and give an example of when each would be used.

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FIN 200: Week Seven Solution

FIN 200

Fin 200 Week 7 Solution

CheckPoint: Loan Scenario

• Resource: Ch. 8 of Foundations of Financial Management
• Due Date: Day 7 [post to the Individual forum]
• Complete the Comprehensive Problem: Midland Chemical Co. on pp. 250-251.
• Post the assignment as an attachment.

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Midland Chemical Co. is negotiating a loan from Manhattan Bank and Trust. The
small chemical company needs to borrow $500,000.
The bank offers a rate of 8¼ percent with a 20 percent compensating balance
requirement, or as an alternative, 9¾ percent with additional fees of $5,500 to cover
services the bank is providing. In either case the rate on the loan is floating (changes as
the prime interest rate changes), and the loan would be for one year.

a. Which loan carries the lower effective rate? Consider fees to be the equivalent of
other interest.

b. If the loan with a 20 percent compensating balance requirement were to be paid
off in 12 monthly payments, what would the effective rate be? (Principal equals
amount borrowed minus the compensating balance.)

c. Assume the proceeds from the loan with the compensating balance requirement
will be used to take cash discounts. Disregard part b about installment payments
and use the loan cost from part a.
If the terms of the cash discount are 1.5/10, net 50, should the firm borrow the funds
to take the discount?

d. Assume the firm actually takes 80 days to pay its bills and would continue to
do so in the future if it did not take the cash discount. Should it take the cash
discount?

e. Because the interest rate on the loans is floating, it can go up as interest rates go
up. Assume that the prime rate goes up by 2 percent and the quoted rate on the
loan goes up the same amount. What would then be the effective rate on the loan
with compensating balances? Convert the interest to dollars as the first step in
your calculation.

f. In order to hedge against the possible rate increase described in part e, Midland
decides to hedge its position in the futures market. Assume it sells $500,000
worth of 12-month futures contracts on Treasury bonds. One year later, interest
rates go up 2 percent across the board and the Treasury bond futures have gone
down to $488,000. Has the firm effectively hedged the 2 percent increase in
interest rates on the bank loan as described in part e? Determine the answer in
dollar amounts.

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FIN 200: Week Six Solution

FIN 200

Fin 200 Week 6 Solution

CheckPoint: Credit Policy Decisions

• Resource: Ch. 7 of Foundations of Financial Management
• Due Date: Day 5 [Individual forum]
• Complete Problem 17 on p. 220.

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Collins Office Supplies is considering a more liberal credit policy to increase
sales, but expects that 9 percent of the new accounts will be uncollectible. Collection
costs are 5 percent of new sales, production and selling costs are 78 percent,
and accounts receivable turnover is five times. Assume income taxes of
30 percent and an increase in sales of $80,000. No other asset buildup will be
required to service the new accounts.
a. What is the level of accounts receivable needed to support this sales
expansion?
b. What would be Collins’s incremental aftertax return on investment?
c. Should Collins liberalize credit if a 15 percent aftertax return on investment
is required?
Assume Collins also needs to increase its level of inventory to support
new sales and that inventory turnover is four times.
d. What would be the total incremental investment in accounts receivable and
inventory to support an $80,000 increase in sales?
e. Given the income determined in part b and the investment determined in
part d, should Collins extend more liberal credit terms?

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FIN 200: Week Five Solution

FIN 200

Fin 200 Week 5 Solution

Assignment: Alternative Financing Plans

Resource: Ch. 6 of Foundations of Financial Management
Due Date: Day 7 [post to the Individual forum]
Complete Problem 14 on p. 184.
Post the assignment as an attachment.

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Lear, Inc. has $800,000 in current assets, $350,000 of which are considered permanent current assets. In addition, the firm has $600,000 invested in fixed assets.

a. Lear wishes to finance all fixed assets and half of its permanent current assets with long-term financing costing 10 percent. Short-term financing currently costs 5 percent. Lear’s earnings before interest and taxes are $200,000. Determine Lear’s earnings after taxes under this financing plan. The tax rate is 30 percent.

b. As an alternative, Lear might wish to finance all fixed assets and permanent current assets plus half of its temporary current assets with long-term financing. The same interest rates apply as in part a. Earnings before interest and taxes will be $200,000. What will be Lear’s earnings after taxes? The tax rate is 30 percent.

c. What are some of the risks and cost considerations associated with each of these alternative financing strategies?

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FIN 200: Week Four Solution

FIN 200

Introduction to Finance: Harvesting the Money Tree

Fin 200 Week 4 Solution

CheckPoint: Break-Even Analysis

• Resource: Ch. 5 of Foundations of Financial Management
• Due Date: Day 5 [Individual forum]
• Complete Problem 13 on p. 144.

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Healthy Foods, Inc., sells 50-pound bags of grapes to the military for $10 a bag.
The fixed costs of this operation are $80,000, while the variable costs of the
grapes are $.10 per pound.
a. What is the break-even point in bags?
b. Calculate the profit or loss on 12,000 bags and on 25,000 bags.
c. What is the degree of operating leverage at 20,000 bags and at 25,000 bags?
Why does the degree of operating leverage change as the quantity sold
increases?
d. If Healthy Foods has an annual interest expense of $10,000, calculate the
degree of financial leverage at both 20,000 and 25,000 bags.
e. What is the degree of combined leverage at both sales levels?

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FIN 200: Week Three Solution

FIN 200

Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)

Fin 200 Week 3 Solution

Assignment: Pro Forma Statements

• Resource: Ch. 4 of Foundations of Financial Management
• Due Date: Day 7 [post to the Individual forum]
• Complete the Comprehensive Problem: Landis Corporation on p. 118.
• Post the assignment as an attachment.

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The Landis Corporation had 2008 sales of $100 million. The balance sheet items that
vary directly with sales and the profit margin are as follows:
Chapter 4 Financial Forecasting

Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5%
Accounts receivable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Net fixed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Accruals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Profit margin after taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6%
.com/bhd13e
The dividend payout rate is 50 percent of earnings, and the balance in retained earnings
at the end of 2008 was $33 million. Common stock and the company’s long-term
bonds are constant at $10 million and $5 million, respectively. Notes payable are currently
$12 million.

a. How much additional external capital will be required for next year if sales
increase 15 percent? (Assume that the company is already operating at full
capacity.)

b. What will happen to external fund requirements if Landis Corporation reduces
the payout ratio, grows at a slower rate, or suffers a decline in its profit margin?
Discuss each of these separately.

c. Prepare a pro forma balance sheet for 2009 assuming that any external funds
being acquired will be in the form of notes payable. Disregard the information in
part b in answering this question (that is, use the original information and part a
in constructing your pro forma balance sheet).

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FIN 200: Week Two Solution

FIN 200

Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)

Fin 200 Week 2 Solution

CheckPoint: Financial Ratios

• Resource: Ch. 3 of Foundations of Financial Management
• Due Date: Day 5 [Individual forum]
• Complete Problem 34 on p. 84.

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Using the financial statements for the Goodyear Calendar Company, calculate
The 13 basic ratios found in the chapter.

GOODYEAR CALENDAR COMPANY
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2008
Assets
Current assets:
Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 40,000
Marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,000
Accounts receivable (net) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,000
Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180,000
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 370,000
Investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,000
Plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450,000
Less: Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (100,000)
Net plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350,000
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 760,000
GOODYEAR CALENDAR COMPANY
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 90,000
Notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,000
Accrued taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,000
Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,000
Long-term liabilities:
Bonds payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170,000
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280,000
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, $100 par value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,000
Common stock, $1 par value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,000
Capital paid in excess of par . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230,000
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,000
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480,000
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 760,000
GOODYEAR CALENDAR COMPANY
Income Statement
For the Year Ending December 31, 2008
Sales (on credit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000,000
Less: Cost of goods sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,300,000
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700,000
Less: Selling and administrative expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400,000*
Operating profit (EBIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300,000
Less: Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,000
Earnings before taxes (EBT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280,000
Less: Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,000
Earnings after taxes (EAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 168,000
*Includes $10,000 in lease payments.

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FIN 200: Week One Solution

FIN 200

Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)

Fin 200 Week 1 Solution

Assignment: Cash Flow Preparation

• Resource: Ch. 2 of Foundations of Financial Management
• Due Date: Day 7 [post to the Individual forum]
• Complete Problems 27, 28, and 29 on pp. 51-53.
• Post the assignment as an attachment.

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Prepare a statement of cash flows for the Crosby Corporation
CROSBY CORPORATION
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008
Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,200,000
Cost of goods sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,300,000
Gross profits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900,000
Selling and administrative expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420,000
Depreciation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150,000
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330,000
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,000
Earnings before taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240,000
Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,000
CROSBY CORPORATION
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008
Earnings after taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160,000
Preferred stock dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,000
Earnings available to common stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 150,000
Common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,000
Earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1.25
Statement of Retained Earnings
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008
Retained earnings, balance, January 1, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500,000
Add: Earnings available to common stockholders, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . 150,000
Deduct: Cash dividends declared and paid in 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,000
Retained earnings, balance, December 31, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $600,000
CROSBY CORPORATION
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008
Earnings after taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160,000
Preferred stock dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,000
Earnings available to common stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 150,000
Common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,000
Earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1.25
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 250,000 $ 440,000
Notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400,000 400,000
Accrued expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,000 50,000
Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720,000 890,000
Long-term liabilities:
Bonds payable, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,000 120,000
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790,000 1,010,000
Comparative Balance Sheets
For 2007 and 2008
Year-End
2007
Year-End
2008
Assets
Current assets:
Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 70,000 $ 100,000
Accounts receivable (net) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300,000 350,000
Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410,000 430,000
Prepaid expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,000 30,000
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 830,000 910,000
Investments (long-term securities) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,000 70,000
Plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,000,000 2,400,000
Less: Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,000,000 1,150,000
Net plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,000,000 1,250,000
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,910,000 $2,230,000
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $100 per value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,000 90,000
Common stock, $1 par value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,000 120,000
Capital paid in excess of par . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410,000 410,000
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500,000 600,000
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,120,000 1,220,000
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,910,000 $2,230,000
28. Describe the general relationship between net income and net cash flows from
operating activities for the firm.
29. Has the buildup in plant and equipment been financed in a satisfactory manner?
Briefly discuss.

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