ACC 561
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
3. Individual Assignment: Text Exercises
• Complete the following Problem Sets from the text. Show your work.
Question 13-49, Variances, on p. 622
Click here for the SOLUTION
13-49 Variances
Study Appendix 13. Consider the following data regarding factory overhead:
Variable Fixed
Budget for actual hours of input $45,000 $70,000
Applied 41,000 64,800
Budget for standard hours allowed
for actual output achieved ? ?
Actual incurred 48,500 68,500
Using the above data, fill in the following blanks with the variance amounts. Use F for favorable or U for unfavorable for each variance.
Total Overhead Variable Fixed
1. Spending variance ______ ______ ______
2. Efficiency variance ______ ______ ______
3. Production-volume variance ______ ______ ______
4. Flexible-budget variance ______ ______ ______
5. Underapplied overhead ______ ______ ______
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Saturday, January 30, 2010
ACC 561: Question 13-48, Overhead Variances Solution
ACC 561
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
3. Individual Assignment: Text Exercises
• Complete the following Problem Sets from the text. Show your work.
Question 13-48, Overhead Variances, on p. 622
Click here for the SOLUTION
13-48 Overhead Variances
Study Appendix 13. Consider the following data for the Rivera Company:
Factory Overhead
Fixed Variable
Actual incurred $14,200 $13,300
Budget for standard hours allowed
for output achieved 12,500 11,000
Applied 11,600 11,000
Budget for actual hours of input 12,500 11,400
From the above information, fill in the blanks below. Be sure to mark your variances F for favorable
and U for unfavorable.
a. Flexible-budget variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
b. Production-volume variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
c. Spending variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
d. Efficiency variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
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Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
3. Individual Assignment: Text Exercises
• Complete the following Problem Sets from the text. Show your work.
Question 13-48, Overhead Variances, on p. 622
Click here for the SOLUTION
13-48 Overhead Variances
Study Appendix 13. Consider the following data for the Rivera Company:
Factory Overhead
Fixed Variable
Actual incurred $14,200 $13,300
Budget for standard hours allowed
for output achieved 12,500 11,000
Applied 11,600 11,000
Budget for actual hours of input 12,500 11,400
From the above information, fill in the blanks below. Be sure to mark your variances F for favorable
and U for unfavorable.
a. Flexible-budget variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
b. Production-volume variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
c. Spending variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
d. Efficiency variance $______ Fixed $______
Variable $______
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ACC 561: Question 13-45, Variable and Absorption Costing Solution
ACC 561
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
3. Individual Assignment: Text Exercises
• Complete the following Problem Sets from the text. Show your work.
Question 13-45, Variable and Absorption Costing, on p. 621
Click here for the SOLUTION
Question 13-45, Variable and Absorption Costing
Chan Manufacturing Company data for 20X7 follow: Sales: 12,000 units at $17 each Actual production 15,000 units Expected volume of production 18,000 units Manufacturing costs incurred Variable $120,000 Fixed 63,000 Nonmanufacturing costs incurred Variable $ 24,000 Fixed 18,000 1. Determine operating income for 20X7, assuming the firm uses the variable-costing approach to product costing. (Do not prepare a statement.) 2. Assume that there is no January 1, 20X7, inventory; no variances are allocated to inventory; and the firm uses a “full absorption” approach to product costing. Compute (a) the cost assigned to December 31, 20X7, inventory; and (b) operating income for the year ended December 31, 20X7. (Do not prepare a statement.)
Click here for the SOLUTION
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
3. Individual Assignment: Text Exercises
• Complete the following Problem Sets from the text. Show your work.
Question 13-45, Variable and Absorption Costing, on p. 621
Click here for the SOLUTION
Question 13-45, Variable and Absorption Costing
Chan Manufacturing Company data for 20X7 follow: Sales: 12,000 units at $17 each Actual production 15,000 units Expected volume of production 18,000 units Manufacturing costs incurred Variable $120,000 Fixed 63,000 Nonmanufacturing costs incurred Variable $ 24,000 Fixed 18,000 1. Determine operating income for 20X7, assuming the firm uses the variable-costing approach to product costing. (Do not prepare a statement.) 2. Assume that there is no January 1, 20X7, inventory; no variances are allocated to inventory; and the firm uses a “full absorption” approach to product costing. Compute (a) the cost assigned to December 31, 20X7, inventory; and (b) operating income for the year ended December 31, 20X7. (Do not prepare a statement.)
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ACC 561: Question 13-B3, Comparison of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing Solution
ACC 561
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
3. Individual Assignment: Text Exercises
• Complete the following Problem Sets from the text. Show your work.
Question 13-B3, Comparison of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing, on p. 617
Click here for the SOLUTION
13-B3 Comparison of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing
Consider the following information pertaining to a year’s operations of Youngstown Manufacturing:
Units sold 1,400
Units produced 1,600
Direct labor $4,200
Direct materials used 3,500
Fixed manufacturing overhead 2,200
Variable manufacturing overhead 300
Selling and administrative expenses (all fixed) 700
Beginning inventories 0
Contribution margin 5,600
Direct-material inventory, end 800
There are no work-in-process inventories.
1. What is the ending finished-goods inventory cost under absorption costing?
2. What is the ending finished-goods inventory cost under variable costing?
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Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
3. Individual Assignment: Text Exercises
• Complete the following Problem Sets from the text. Show your work.
Question 13-B3, Comparison of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing, on p. 617
Click here for the SOLUTION
13-B3 Comparison of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing
Consider the following information pertaining to a year’s operations of Youngstown Manufacturing:
Units sold 1,400
Units produced 1,600
Direct labor $4,200
Direct materials used 3,500
Fixed manufacturing overhead 2,200
Variable manufacturing overhead 300
Selling and administrative expenses (all fixed) 700
Beginning inventories 0
Contribution margin 5,600
Direct-material inventory, end 800
There are no work-in-process inventories.
1. What is the ending finished-goods inventory cost under absorption costing?
2. What is the ending finished-goods inventory cost under variable costing?
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Friday, January 29, 2010
ACC 561: EXCEL Application Exercise 12-59, Allocating Costs Using Direct and Step-Down Methods Solution
ACC 561
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
3. Individual Assignment: Text Exercises
• Complete the following Problem Sets from the text. Show your work.
EXCEL Application Exercise 12-59, Allocating Costs Using Direct and Step-Down Methods, on p. 584
Click here for the SOLUTION
EXCEL Application Exercise 12-59, Allocating Costs Using Direct and Step-Down Methods
Goal: Create an Excel spreadsheet to allocate costs using the direct method and the stepdown
method. Use the results to answer questions about your findings.
Scenario: Antonio Cleaning has asked you to help them determine the best method for
allocating costs from their service departments to their producing departments. Additional
background information for your spreadsheet appears in Fundamental Assignment Material
12-B2. Exhibit 12-4 on page 532 illustrates the types of calculations that are used for
allocating costs using the direct method and the step-down method.
When you have completed your spreadsheet, answer the following questions:
1. What are the total costs for the Residential department using the direct method?
What are the total costs for the Commercial department using the direct method?
2. What are the total costs for the Residential department using the step-down method?
3. What are the total costs for the Commercial department using the step-down method?
4. Which method would you recommend that Antonio Cleaning use to allocate their
service departments’ costs to their producing departments? Why?
Step-by-Step:
1. Open a new Excel spreadsheet.
2. In column A, create a bold-faced heading that contains the following:
Row 1: Chapter 12 Decision Guideline
Row 2: Dallas Cleaning
Row 3: Cost Allocations from Service Departments to Producing Departments
Row 4: Today’s Date
3. Merge and center the four heading rows across columns A through H.
4. In row 7, create the following bold-faced, center-justified column headings:
Column B: Personnel
Column C: Administrative
Column D: Residential
Column E: Commercial
Column F: Total Res/Comm
Column G: Total Admin/Res/Comm
Column H: Grand Total
5. Change the format of the column headings in row 7 to permit the titles to be displayed
on multiple lines within a single cell.
Alignment tab: Wrap Text: Checked
Note: Adjust column widths so that headings use only two lines.
Adjust row height to ensure that row is same height as adjusted headings.
6. In column A, create the following row headings:
Row 8: Direct Department Costs
Row 9: Number of Employees
Skip 2 rows
Note: Adjust the width of column A to 27.14.
7. In column A, create the following bold-faced, underlined row heading:
Row 12: Direct Method:
8. In column A, create the following row headings:
Row 13: Direct Department Costs
Row 14: Personnel Allocation
Row 15: Administrative Allocation
Row 16: Total Costs
Skip 2 rows
9. In column A, create the following bold-faced, underlined row heading:
Row 19: Step-down Method:
10. In column A, create the following row headings:
Row 20: Direct Department Costs
Row 21: Step 1—Personnel Allocation
Row 22: Step 2—Administrative Allocation
Row 23: Total Costs
11. Use data from Fundamental Assignment 12-B2 to enter the amounts in columns B
through E for rows 8, 9, 13, and 20.
12. Use the appropriate calculations to do the totals in row 8 for columns F and H.
Use the appropriate calculations to do the totals in row 9 for columns F and G.
13. Use the appropriate formulas to allocate the costs from the service departments to the
producing departments using each of the methods.
14. Use the appropriate calculations to do the totals in columns B through E and in column H,
rows 16 and 23.
15. Format amounts in columns B through H, rows 8, 13, 16, 20, and 23 as
Number tab: Category: Accounting
Decimal: 0
Symbol: $
16. Format the amount in columns B through E, rows 14, 15, 21, and 22 as
Number tab: Category: Accounting
Decimal: 0
Symbol: None
17. Change the format of the total costs amounts in columns B through E, rows 16 and 23,
to display a top border, using the default line style.
Border tab: Icon: Top Border
18. Change the format of the amounts in row 9, columns B through G to center justified.
Click here for the SOLUTION
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Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
3. Individual Assignment: Text Exercises
• Complete the following Problem Sets from the text. Show your work.
EXCEL Application Exercise 12-59, Allocating Costs Using Direct and Step-Down Methods, on p. 584
Click here for the SOLUTION
EXCEL Application Exercise 12-59, Allocating Costs Using Direct and Step-Down Methods
Goal: Create an Excel spreadsheet to allocate costs using the direct method and the stepdown
method. Use the results to answer questions about your findings.
Scenario: Antonio Cleaning has asked you to help them determine the best method for
allocating costs from their service departments to their producing departments. Additional
background information for your spreadsheet appears in Fundamental Assignment Material
12-B2. Exhibit 12-4 on page 532 illustrates the types of calculations that are used for
allocating costs using the direct method and the step-down method.
When you have completed your spreadsheet, answer the following questions:
1. What are the total costs for the Residential department using the direct method?
What are the total costs for the Commercial department using the direct method?
2. What are the total costs for the Residential department using the step-down method?
3. What are the total costs for the Commercial department using the step-down method?
4. Which method would you recommend that Antonio Cleaning use to allocate their
service departments’ costs to their producing departments? Why?
Step-by-Step:
1. Open a new Excel spreadsheet.
2. In column A, create a bold-faced heading that contains the following:
Row 1: Chapter 12 Decision Guideline
Row 2: Dallas Cleaning
Row 3: Cost Allocations from Service Departments to Producing Departments
Row 4: Today’s Date
3. Merge and center the four heading rows across columns A through H.
4. In row 7, create the following bold-faced, center-justified column headings:
Column B: Personnel
Column C: Administrative
Column D: Residential
Column E: Commercial
Column F: Total Res/Comm
Column G: Total Admin/Res/Comm
Column H: Grand Total
5. Change the format of the column headings in row 7 to permit the titles to be displayed
on multiple lines within a single cell.
Alignment tab: Wrap Text: Checked
Note: Adjust column widths so that headings use only two lines.
Adjust row height to ensure that row is same height as adjusted headings.
6. In column A, create the following row headings:
Row 8: Direct Department Costs
Row 9: Number of Employees
Skip 2 rows
Note: Adjust the width of column A to 27.14.
7. In column A, create the following bold-faced, underlined row heading:
Row 12: Direct Method:
8. In column A, create the following row headings:
Row 13: Direct Department Costs
Row 14: Personnel Allocation
Row 15: Administrative Allocation
Row 16: Total Costs
Skip 2 rows
9. In column A, create the following bold-faced, underlined row heading:
Row 19: Step-down Method:
10. In column A, create the following row headings:
Row 20: Direct Department Costs
Row 21: Step 1—Personnel Allocation
Row 22: Step 2—Administrative Allocation
Row 23: Total Costs
11. Use data from Fundamental Assignment 12-B2 to enter the amounts in columns B
through E for rows 8, 9, 13, and 20.
12. Use the appropriate calculations to do the totals in row 8 for columns F and H.
Use the appropriate calculations to do the totals in row 9 for columns F and G.
13. Use the appropriate formulas to allocate the costs from the service departments to the
producing departments using each of the methods.
14. Use the appropriate calculations to do the totals in columns B through E and in column H,
rows 16 and 23.
15. Format amounts in columns B through H, rows 8, 13, 16, 20, and 23 as
Number tab: Category: Accounting
Decimal: 0
Symbol: $
16. Format the amount in columns B through E, rows 14, 15, 21, and 22 as
Number tab: Category: Accounting
Decimal: 0
Symbol: None
17. Change the format of the total costs amounts in columns B through E, rows 16 and 23,
to display a top border, using the default line style.
Border tab: Icon: Top Border
18. Change the format of the amounts in row 9, columns B through G to center justified.
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ACC 561: Question 3-38, Mixed Cost, Choosing Cost Drivers, and High-Low and Visual-Fit Methods Solution
ACC 561
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
4. Individual Assignment: Practice Text Exercises
• Complete the following problem sets from the Introduction to Management Accounting text:
Question 3-38, Mixed Cost, Choosing Cost Drivers, and High-Low and Visual-Fit Methods, on p. 121-122
Click here for the SOLUTION
Question 3-38, Mixed Cost, Choosing Cost Drivers, and High-Low and Visual-Fit Methods
Cedar Rapids Implements Company produces farm implements. Cedar Rapids is in the process of measuring its manufacturing costs and is particularly interested in the costs of the manufacturing maintenance activity, since maintenance is a significant mixed cost. Activity analysis indicates that maintenance activity consists primarily of maintenance labor setting up machines using certain supplies. A setup consists of preparing the necessary machines for a particular production run of a product. During setup, machines must still be running, which consumes energy. Thus, the costs associated with maintenance include labor, supplies, and energy. Unfortunately, Cedar Rapid’s cost accounting system does not trace these costs to maintenance activity separately. Cedar Rapids employs two fulltime maintenance mechanics to perform maintenance. The annual salary of a maintenance mechanic is $25,000 and is considered a fixed cost. Two plausible cost drivers have been suggested: “units produced” and “number of setups.” Data had been collected for the past 12 months and a plot made for the cost driver—units of production. The maintenance cost figures collected include estimates for labor, supplies, and energy. Cory Fielder, controller at Cedar Rapids, noted that some types of activities are performed each time a batch of goods is processed rather than each time a unit is produced. Based on this concept, he has gathered data on the number of setups performed over the past 12 months. The plots of monthly maintenance costs versus the two potential cost drivers follow on page 122.
1. Find monthly fixed maintenance cost and the variable maintenance cost per driver unit using the visual-fit method based on each potential cost driver. Explain how you treated the April data.
2. Find monthly fixed maintenance cost and the variable maintenance cost per driver unit using the high-low method based on each potential cost driver.
3. Which cost driver best meets the criteria for choosing cost functions? Explain.
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Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
4. Individual Assignment: Practice Text Exercises
• Complete the following problem sets from the Introduction to Management Accounting text:
Question 3-38, Mixed Cost, Choosing Cost Drivers, and High-Low and Visual-Fit Methods, on p. 121-122
Click here for the SOLUTION
Question 3-38, Mixed Cost, Choosing Cost Drivers, and High-Low and Visual-Fit Methods
Cedar Rapids Implements Company produces farm implements. Cedar Rapids is in the process of measuring its manufacturing costs and is particularly interested in the costs of the manufacturing maintenance activity, since maintenance is a significant mixed cost. Activity analysis indicates that maintenance activity consists primarily of maintenance labor setting up machines using certain supplies. A setup consists of preparing the necessary machines for a particular production run of a product. During setup, machines must still be running, which consumes energy. Thus, the costs associated with maintenance include labor, supplies, and energy. Unfortunately, Cedar Rapid’s cost accounting system does not trace these costs to maintenance activity separately. Cedar Rapids employs two fulltime maintenance mechanics to perform maintenance. The annual salary of a maintenance mechanic is $25,000 and is considered a fixed cost. Two plausible cost drivers have been suggested: “units produced” and “number of setups.” Data had been collected for the past 12 months and a plot made for the cost driver—units of production. The maintenance cost figures collected include estimates for labor, supplies, and energy. Cory Fielder, controller at Cedar Rapids, noted that some types of activities are performed each time a batch of goods is processed rather than each time a unit is produced. Based on this concept, he has gathered data on the number of setups performed over the past 12 months. The plots of monthly maintenance costs versus the two potential cost drivers follow on page 122.
1. Find monthly fixed maintenance cost and the variable maintenance cost per driver unit using the visual-fit method based on each potential cost driver. Explain how you treated the April data.
2. Find monthly fixed maintenance cost and the variable maintenance cost per driver unit using the high-low method based on each potential cost driver.
3. Which cost driver best meets the criteria for choosing cost functions? Explain.
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ACC 561: 2-65 CVP and Break-Even Solution
ACC 561
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
4. Individual Assignment: Practice Text Exercises
• Complete the following problem sets from the Introduction to Management Accounting text:
EXCEL Application Exercise, CVP and Break-Even, on p. 89
Click here for the SOLUTION
EXCEL Application Exercise
2-65 CVP and Break-Even
Goal: Create an Excel spreadsheet to perform CVP analysis and show the relationship between price, costs, and break-even points in terms of units and dollars. Use the results to answer questions about your findings.
Scenario: Phonetronix is a small manufacturer of telephone and communications devices. Recently, company management decided to investigate the profitability of cellular phone production. They have three different proposals to evaluate. Under all the proposals, the fixed costs for the new phone would be $110,000. Under proposal A, the selling price of the new phone would be $99 and the variable cost per unit would be $55. Under proposal B, the selling price of the phone would be $129 and the variable cost would remain the same.
Under proposal C, the selling price would be $99 and the variable cost would be $49.
When you have completed your spreadsheet, answer the following questions:
1. What are the break-even points in units and dollars under proposal A?
2. How did the increased selling price under proposal B impact the break-even points in
units and dollars compared to the break-even points calculated under proposal A?
3. Why did the change in variable cost under proposal C not impact the break-even points
in units and dollars as significantly as proposal B did?
Step-by-Step:
1. Open a new Excel spreadsheet.
2. In column A, create a bold-faced heading that contains the following:
Row 1: Chapter 2 Decision Guideline
Row 2: Phonetronix
Row 3: Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis
Row 4: Today’s Date
3. Merge and center the four heading rows across columns A through D.
4. In Row 7, create the following bold-faced, right-justified column headings:
Column B: Proposal A
Column C: Proposal B
Column D: Proposal C
Note: Adjust cell widths when necessary as you work.
5. In Column A, create the following row headings:
Row 8: Selling price
Row 9: Variable cost
Row 10: Contribution margin
Row 11: Contribution margin ratio
Skip a row
Row 13: Fixed cost
Skip a row
Row 15: Break-even in units
Skip a row
Row 17: Break-even in dollars
6. Use the scenario data to fill in the selling price, variable cost, and fixed cost amounts
for the three proposals.
7. Use the appropriate formulas from this chapter to calculate contribution margin,
contribution margin ratio, break-even in units, and break-even in dollars.
8. Format all amounts as:
Number tab: Category: Currency
Decimal places: 0
Symbol: None
Negative numbers: Red with parenthesis
9. Change the format of the selling price, contribution margin, fixed cost, and break-even
in dollars amounts to display a dollar symbol.
10. Change the format of both contribution margin headings to display as indented:
Alignment tab: Horizontal: Left (Indent)
Indent: 1
11. Change the format of the contribution margin amount cells to display a top border,
using the default line style.
Border tab: Icon: Top Border
12. Change the format of the contribution margin ratio amounts to display as a percentage
with two decimal places.
Number tab: Category: Percentage
Decimal places: 2
13. Change the format of all break-even headings and amounts to display as bold-faced.
14. Activate the ability to use heading names in formulas under Tools ? Options:
Calculation tab: Check the box: Accept labels in formulas
15. Replace the cell-based formulas with “word-based” equivalents for each formula used
in Proposal A.
Example: Contribution margin for proposal B would be:
= (‘Selling price’ ‘Proposal B’) - (‘Variable cost’ ‘Proposal B’)
Note: The tic marks used in the example help avoid naming errors caused by data having similar titles (i.e., “contribution
margin” and “contribution margin ratio”). The parentheses help clarify groupings.
Help: Ask the Answer Wizard about “Name cells in a workbook.”
Select “Learn about labels and names in formulas” from the right-hand panel.
16. Save your work to a disk, and print a copy for your files.
Click here for the SOLUTION
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Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
4. Individual Assignment: Practice Text Exercises
• Complete the following problem sets from the Introduction to Management Accounting text:
EXCEL Application Exercise, CVP and Break-Even, on p. 89
Click here for the SOLUTION
EXCEL Application Exercise
2-65 CVP and Break-Even
Goal: Create an Excel spreadsheet to perform CVP analysis and show the relationship between price, costs, and break-even points in terms of units and dollars. Use the results to answer questions about your findings.
Scenario: Phonetronix is a small manufacturer of telephone and communications devices. Recently, company management decided to investigate the profitability of cellular phone production. They have three different proposals to evaluate. Under all the proposals, the fixed costs for the new phone would be $110,000. Under proposal A, the selling price of the new phone would be $99 and the variable cost per unit would be $55. Under proposal B, the selling price of the phone would be $129 and the variable cost would remain the same.
Under proposal C, the selling price would be $99 and the variable cost would be $49.
When you have completed your spreadsheet, answer the following questions:
1. What are the break-even points in units and dollars under proposal A?
2. How did the increased selling price under proposal B impact the break-even points in
units and dollars compared to the break-even points calculated under proposal A?
3. Why did the change in variable cost under proposal C not impact the break-even points
in units and dollars as significantly as proposal B did?
Step-by-Step:
1. Open a new Excel spreadsheet.
2. In column A, create a bold-faced heading that contains the following:
Row 1: Chapter 2 Decision Guideline
Row 2: Phonetronix
Row 3: Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis
Row 4: Today’s Date
3. Merge and center the four heading rows across columns A through D.
4. In Row 7, create the following bold-faced, right-justified column headings:
Column B: Proposal A
Column C: Proposal B
Column D: Proposal C
Note: Adjust cell widths when necessary as you work.
5. In Column A, create the following row headings:
Row 8: Selling price
Row 9: Variable cost
Row 10: Contribution margin
Row 11: Contribution margin ratio
Skip a row
Row 13: Fixed cost
Skip a row
Row 15: Break-even in units
Skip a row
Row 17: Break-even in dollars
6. Use the scenario data to fill in the selling price, variable cost, and fixed cost amounts
for the three proposals.
7. Use the appropriate formulas from this chapter to calculate contribution margin,
contribution margin ratio, break-even in units, and break-even in dollars.
8. Format all amounts as:
Number tab: Category: Currency
Decimal places: 0
Symbol: None
Negative numbers: Red with parenthesis
9. Change the format of the selling price, contribution margin, fixed cost, and break-even
in dollars amounts to display a dollar symbol.
10. Change the format of both contribution margin headings to display as indented:
Alignment tab: Horizontal: Left (Indent)
Indent: 1
11. Change the format of the contribution margin amount cells to display a top border,
using the default line style.
Border tab: Icon: Top Border
12. Change the format of the contribution margin ratio amounts to display as a percentage
with two decimal places.
Number tab: Category: Percentage
Decimal places: 2
13. Change the format of all break-even headings and amounts to display as bold-faced.
14. Activate the ability to use heading names in formulas under Tools ? Options:
Calculation tab: Check the box: Accept labels in formulas
15. Replace the cell-based formulas with “word-based” equivalents for each formula used
in Proposal A.
Example: Contribution margin for proposal B would be:
= (‘Selling price’ ‘Proposal B’) - (‘Variable cost’ ‘Proposal B’)
Note: The tic marks used in the example help avoid naming errors caused by data having similar titles (i.e., “contribution
margin” and “contribution margin ratio”). The parentheses help clarify groupings.
Help: Ask the Answer Wizard about “Name cells in a workbook.”
Select “Learn about labels and names in formulas” from the right-hand panel.
16. Save your work to a disk, and print a copy for your files.
Click here for the SOLUTION
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ACC 561: Question 2-61, CVP in a Modern Manufacturing Company Solution
ACC 561
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
4. Individual Assignment: Practice Text Exercises
• Complete the following problem sets from the Introduction to Management Accounting text:
Question 2-61, CVP in a Modern Manufacturing Company, on p. 87
Click here for the SOLUTION
Question 2-61, CVP in a Modern Manufacturing Company
A division of Hewlett-Packard Company changed its production operations from one where a large labor force assembled electronic components to an automated production facility dominated by computer-controlled robots. The change was necessary because of fierce competitive pressures. Improvements in quality, reliability, and flexibility of production schedules were necessary just to match competition. As a result of the change, variable costs fell and fixed costs increased, as shown in the following assumed budgets:
Old Production Operation Old Production Operation
Unit variable cost
Material $0.88 $0.88
Labor $1.22 0.22
Total per unit $2.10 $1.10
Monthly fixed costs
Rent and depreciation 450,000.00 $875,000.00
Supervisory labor 80,000.00 175,000.00
Other 50,000.00 90,000.00
Total per month $580,000.00 $1,140,000.00
Expected volume is 600,000 units per month, with each unit selling for $3.10 Capacity is 800,000 units.
1. Compute the budgeted profit as the expected volume of 600,000 units under both the old and the new production environments.
2. Compute the budgeted break-even point under both the old and the new production environments.
3 .Discuss the effect on profits if volume falls to 500,000 units under both the old and the new production environments.
4 .Discuss the effect on profits if volume increases to 700,000 units under both the old and the new production environments.
5 .Comment on the riskiness of the new operation versus the old operation.
Click here for the SOLUTION
http://homeworkbonanza.com/
http://homeworkbonanza.com/
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
4. Individual Assignment: Practice Text Exercises
• Complete the following problem sets from the Introduction to Management Accounting text:
Question 2-61, CVP in a Modern Manufacturing Company, on p. 87
Click here for the SOLUTION
Question 2-61, CVP in a Modern Manufacturing Company
A division of Hewlett-Packard Company changed its production operations from one where a large labor force assembled electronic components to an automated production facility dominated by computer-controlled robots. The change was necessary because of fierce competitive pressures. Improvements in quality, reliability, and flexibility of production schedules were necessary just to match competition. As a result of the change, variable costs fell and fixed costs increased, as shown in the following assumed budgets:
Old Production Operation Old Production Operation
Unit variable cost
Material $0.88 $0.88
Labor $1.22 0.22
Total per unit $2.10 $1.10
Monthly fixed costs
Rent and depreciation 450,000.00 $875,000.00
Supervisory labor 80,000.00 175,000.00
Other 50,000.00 90,000.00
Total per month $580,000.00 $1,140,000.00
Expected volume is 600,000 units per month, with each unit selling for $3.10 Capacity is 800,000 units.
1. Compute the budgeted profit as the expected volume of 600,000 units under both the old and the new production environments.
2. Compute the budgeted break-even point under both the old and the new production environments.
3 .Discuss the effect on profits if volume falls to 500,000 units under both the old and the new production environments.
4 .Discuss the effect on profits if volume increases to 700,000 units under both the old and the new production environments.
5 .Comment on the riskiness of the new operation versus the old operation.
Click here for the SOLUTION
http://homeworkbonanza.com/
http://homeworkbonanza.com/
ACC 561: Question 2-48, CVP and Financial Statements for a Mega-Brand Company Solution
ACC 561
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
4. Individual Assignment: Practice Text Exercises
• Complete the following problem sets from the Introduction to Management Accounting text:
Question 2-48, CVP and Financial Statements for a Mega-Brand Company, on p. 82
Click here for the SOLUTION
Question 2-48 CVP and Financial Statements for a Mega-Brand Company, on p. 82
Procter & Gamble Company is a Cincinnati-based company that produces household products under brand names such as Gillette, Bounty, Crest, Folgers, and Tide. The company’s 2006 income statement showed the following (in millions):
Net sales $68,222
Costs of products sold 33,125
Selling, general, and administrative expense 21,848
Operating income $13,249
Suppose that the cost of products sold is the only variable cost; selling, general, and administrative expenses are fixed with respect to sales.
Assume that Procter & Gamble had a 10% increase in sales in 2007 and that there was no change in costs except for increases associated with the higher volume of sales. Compute the predicted 2007 operating income for Procter & Gamble and its percentage increase. Explain why the percentage increase in income differs from the percentage increase in sales.
Click here for the SOLUTION
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Introduction to Management Accounting
Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Stratton, W. O., Burgstahler, D., & Schatzberg, J. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
4. Individual Assignment: Practice Text Exercises
• Complete the following problem sets from the Introduction to Management Accounting text:
Question 2-48, CVP and Financial Statements for a Mega-Brand Company, on p. 82
Click here for the SOLUTION
Question 2-48 CVP and Financial Statements for a Mega-Brand Company, on p. 82
Procter & Gamble Company is a Cincinnati-based company that produces household products under brand names such as Gillette, Bounty, Crest, Folgers, and Tide. The company’s 2006 income statement showed the following (in millions):
Net sales $68,222
Costs of products sold 33,125
Selling, general, and administrative expense 21,848
Operating income $13,249
Suppose that the cost of products sold is the only variable cost; selling, general, and administrative expenses are fixed with respect to sales.
Assume that Procter & Gamble had a 10% increase in sales in 2007 and that there was no change in costs except for increases associated with the higher volume of sales. Compute the predicted 2007 operating income for Procter & Gamble and its percentage increase. Explain why the percentage increase in income differs from the percentage increase in sales.
Click here for the SOLUTION
Wednesday, January 27, 2010
*NEW* ACC 225: Week Nine Solution
ACC 225
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 9 Solution
1. Final Project: Comprehensive Problem-Perpetual
• Review Chapter 7 Demonstration problem
• Resources: Appendix A, Fundamental Accounting Principles, p. 301, and Appendix C
• Complete the Comprehensive Problem-Perpetual. In this project, follow the steps of the accounting cycle to process given transactions in a business environment. Then, synthesize special journals, a trial balance, financial statements, and a post-closing trial balance.
• Use the spreadsheet in Appendix C available on the student Web site to complete the problems. Use the tabs labeled P07C and Given P07C.
Click here for the SOLUTION
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 9 Solution
1. Final Project: Comprehensive Problem-Perpetual
• Review Chapter 7 Demonstration problem
• Resources: Appendix A, Fundamental Accounting Principles, p. 301, and Appendix C
• Complete the Comprehensive Problem-Perpetual. In this project, follow the steps of the accounting cycle to process given transactions in a business environment. Then, synthesize special journals, a trial balance, financial statements, and a post-closing trial balance.
• Use the spreadsheet in Appendix C available on the student Web site to complete the problems. Use the tabs labeled P07C and Given P07C.
Click here for the SOLUTION
*NEW* ACC 225: Week Eight Solution
ACC 225
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 8 Solution
1. CheckPoint: Internal Control and Bank Reconciliations (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 2)
• Review Demonstration problems 1 and 2 in Chapter 8
• Resource: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 336 & 337
• Complete Exercises 8-5 on p. 336 and 8-8 & 8-9 on p. 337
• Imagine there is a $10 shortage in the petty cash for Exercise 8-5; explain in 50-100 words how the shortage would be recorded.
Click here for the SOLUTION
2. Assignment: Internal Control and Bank Reconciliations (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 6)
• Resources: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 338 & 339, 341 and 342
• Complete Problems 8-1B on p. 341, 8-3B on p. 342, & 8-4A (including the Analysis Component) on pp. 338–339. When responding to the cases in 8-1B, think critically about each case. Identify the principles of internal control that has been violated and provide an explanation of why you think that principle has been violated. Identify the consequences of the actions described in the cases. Make a recommendation for what the business should do to ensure adherence to principles of internal control.
• List at least three detailed questions you had while completing the problems.
• Use the spreadsheet in Appendix B available on the student Web site to complete Problem 8-4A. Use the tabs labeled SP08-04A and Given P08-04A
Click here for the SOLUTION
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 8 Solution
1. CheckPoint: Internal Control and Bank Reconciliations (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 2)
• Review Demonstration problems 1 and 2 in Chapter 8
• Resource: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 336 & 337
• Complete Exercises 8-5 on p. 336 and 8-8 & 8-9 on p. 337
• Imagine there is a $10 shortage in the petty cash for Exercise 8-5; explain in 50-100 words how the shortage would be recorded.
Click here for the SOLUTION
2. Assignment: Internal Control and Bank Reconciliations (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 6)
• Resources: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 338 & 339, 341 and 342
• Complete Problems 8-1B on p. 341, 8-3B on p. 342, & 8-4A (including the Analysis Component) on pp. 338–339. When responding to the cases in 8-1B, think critically about each case. Identify the principles of internal control that has been violated and provide an explanation of why you think that principle has been violated. Identify the consequences of the actions described in the cases. Make a recommendation for what the business should do to ensure adherence to principles of internal control.
• List at least three detailed questions you had while completing the problems.
• Use the spreadsheet in Appendix B available on the student Web site to complete Problem 8-4A. Use the tabs labeled SP08-04A and Given P08-04A
Click here for the SOLUTION
*NEW* ACC 225: Week Seven Solution
ACC 225
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 7 Solution
2. CheckPoint: Accounting Information Systems and Special Journals (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 2)
• Resource: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 289, 290, & 291
• Complete Quick Study questions 7-1 & 7-2 on p. 289, Quick Study 7-4 on p. 290 and Exercises 7-1, 7-4, 7-7, & 7-10 on pp. 290–291.
Click here for the SOLUTION
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 7 Solution
2. CheckPoint: Accounting Information Systems and Special Journals (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 2)
• Resource: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 289, 290, & 291
• Complete Quick Study questions 7-1 & 7-2 on p. 289, Quick Study 7-4 on p. 290 and Exercises 7-1, 7-4, 7-7, & 7-10 on pp. 290–291.
Click here for the SOLUTION
*NEW* ACC 225: Week Six Solution
ACC 225
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 6 Solution
1. CheckPoint: Computing Inventory Balances and Lower of Cost or Market (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 2)
• Re-read Chapters 5 and 6
• Review Demonstration problem and solution. Try to complete sections on your own before reviewing solution.
• Resource: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 247–249
• Complete Quick Study question 6-1 on p. 247 and Exercise 6-3 on p. 247 & Problem 6-3A on p. 252.
Click here for the SOLUTION
2. Assignment: Estimating Inventory and Preparing Multiple-Step and Single-Step Income Statements (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 6)
• Resources: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 251 & 256
• Complete Problems 5-4A on p. 212, 6-1B on p. 254, & 6-6A on p. 253 and 6-7A on p. 254.
Click here for the SOLUTION
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 6 Solution
1. CheckPoint: Computing Inventory Balances and Lower of Cost or Market (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 2)
• Re-read Chapters 5 and 6
• Review Demonstration problem and solution. Try to complete sections on your own before reviewing solution.
• Resource: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 247–249
• Complete Quick Study question 6-1 on p. 247 and Exercise 6-3 on p. 247 & Problem 6-3A on p. 252.
Click here for the SOLUTION
2. Assignment: Estimating Inventory and Preparing Multiple-Step and Single-Step Income Statements (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 6)
• Resources: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 251 & 256
• Complete Problems 5-4A on p. 212, 6-1B on p. 254, & 6-6A on p. 253 and 6-7A on p. 254.
Click here for the SOLUTION
*NEW* ACC 225: Week Five Solution
ACC 225
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 5 Solution
2. CheckPoint: Inventory Systems and Calculating Revenues, Expenses, and Income (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 5)
• Resource: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 206, 208, & 209.
• Complete additional modified Exercise in Excel that is posted in the main forum for week 5. Copy and paste the Excel format and complete.
• Complete Quick Study question 5-1 on p. 205, Quick Study question 5-9 on p. 206 and Exercise 5-8 on pp. 208.
Click here for the SOLUTION
Axia College of University of Phoenix (UoP)
Financial Accounting
Larson, K. D., Wild, J. J., & Chiappetta B. (2005). Fundamental accounting principles (17th ed.)
ACC 225 Week 5 Solution
2. CheckPoint: Inventory Systems and Calculating Revenues, Expenses, and Income (Post in the Individual Forum – Due Day 5)
• Resource: Fundamental Accounting Principles, pp. 206, 208, & 209.
• Complete additional modified Exercise in Excel that is posted in the main forum for week 5. Copy and paste the Excel format and complete.
• Complete Quick Study question 5-1 on p. 205, Quick Study question 5-9 on p. 206 and Exercise 5-8 on pp. 208.
Click here for the SOLUTION
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